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    • Addiction Guide
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      • Is bipolar disorder genetic and triggered later on?
      • Is cognitive therapy effective for bipolar disorder?
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      • Munchausen Syndrome
      • How Does Social Media Affect Teenagers’ Mental Health?
      • Oppositional Defiant Disorder
      • Spotting Types of Depression in Children
      • Teen Suicide
      • Top Tips For Parents
      • Video Game Therapy for ADHD
      • What is a Residential Mental Health Facility for Teenagers Like
      • Why Is Mental Health on the Rise Amongst Teenagers?
    • Is Social Media Ruining Our Self-Esteem? 
    • Mental Health Guide
      • COVID Counseling to Battle Mental Health Issues
      • Guide to Anxiety Medication
      • Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
      • High Functioning Depression | Signs | Symptoms
      • How Can We Prevent Mental Illness in Youth?
      • How Do You Help Someone with Avoidant Personality?
      • How Does Online Counseling Work for Mental Health?
      • How Can a Mental Health Counselor Help
      • Mental Breakdown
      • Schizoid Personality Disorder
      • Postpartum Depression
      • Types of Mood Disorders
      • The Toll of Grief and How to Cope with It
      • What are The Major Affective Disorders?
      • What Cognitive Psychology Teaches Us About How We Think
      • What Is Clinical Mental Health Counseling
      • What are mental health symptoms you should never ignore?
      • What is Bipolar II Disorder? Symptoms and Treatment
      • What is the Difference Between Manic and Hypomanic?
      • What is schizoaffective disorder?
      • Is seasonal affective disorder (SAD) a mental illness?
      • What is substance induced mood disorder?
      • Is Depression a Permanent Mental Disorder?
      • What is the prognosis for Major Depressive Disorder?
    • Marriage Counseling | Benefits
    • Pandemic Related Issues
      • COVID Counseling to Battle Mental Health Issues
      • Work Stress Post-Pandemic
      • Shocking Growth of Anxiety During the Pandemic
    • Relationship Issues
      • How to deal with toxic relationship?
      • How does a toxic relationship affect your mental health?
      • What is gaslighting in a relationship?
      • What is the best way to help a partner who has trust issues?
      • What’s the best way to work out relationship problems?
      • 10 ways to improve communication in relationships
    • Spirituality in Addiction Treatment  
    • Therapy
      • Can I See a Psychiatrist Without a Referral?
      • DBT Therapy for Adolescents
      • DCBT- Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
      • Deep Brain Stimulation to Treat OCD
      • Do I Need a Referral to See a Therapist?
      • Family Therapy: Definition, Types, Techniques, and Efficacy
      • How Can Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) Help Mental Disorders?
      • EMDR Therapy for Mental Health Conditions
      • Psychiatrist vs. Psychologist
      • Is Therapy Covered by Health Insurance?
      • Psychodynamic Therapy vs CBT
      • Psychotherapy
      • SMART Recovery
      • What Can Psychologists Treat
      • What is Group Therapy
      • What is Internal Family Systems Therapy
      • What Is the Role of the Counselor in Family Therapy
      • What Is Psychoanalysis
    • Trauma Bonding With Intimate Partner Violence
    • Teen Mental Health
      • Can a Minor Go to Therapy Without Parents Permission?
      • Teen Co-Occurring Disorders
      • What are the signs of depression in adolescents?
      • warning signs of suicide in adolescents
      • Mental Health Benefits of Exercise in Teens
      • How is the pandemic affecting mental health in teenagers?
    • Types of Disorder
      • Anti-Social Personality Disorder
      • Autism Spectrum Disorder
      • Avoidant Personality Disorder
      • Bipolar Disorder Symptoms | Causes | Diagnosis
      • Diagnosing and Treating an Adjustment Disorder
      • Histrionic Personality Disorder
      • Intermittent Explosive Disorder
      • Paranoid Personality Disorder
    • Veterans Guide
      • Functional Medicine for Military
      • Service Dogs Help Veterans with PTSD
    • Process Addiction
      • Gambling addiction
      • How do you know if you have an addictive personality?
      • What is Impulse-Control Disorder?
      • Process Addiction

Oxycodone Guide

Oxycodone Guide

Narcotics are often talked about addiction and substance abuse. They’re known for their high risk of addiction and dependence. They are highly regulated and for good reason. One of the most common narcotics available is oxycodone. It is an incredibly popular designer drug, prescribed frequently for pain. Keep reading for everything you need to know about oxycodone in this guide.

What is Oxycodone?

Oxycodone is a prescription drug prescribed to patients who need moderate to severe pain relief.1 It is classified as an opiate (narcotic) analgesic. It is in Schedule II of the Controlled Substances Act, meaning that it has a high potential for abuse, and its use can potentially lead to severe psychological or physical dependence.2

There are several common brand names for oxycodone available today, all of which are listed below :

  • OxyContin
  • Xtampza ER
  • Roxicodone
  • Oxaydo 

Oxycodone-IR and Oxycodone-CR

There are two different forms of oxycodone available through prescription; oxycodone-IR and oxycodone-CR. Oxycodone-IR stands for instant release, and the medicine is released into the body upon ingestion. Oxycodone-CR stands for controlled release, and it releases the medicine into your body over twelve hours.3

Oxycodone on the Street

There are several common street names used for oxycodone that are officially recognized by the DEA, all of which are listed below :4

  • Hillbilly heroin
  • Kicker
  • OC
  • Ox
  • Roxy
  • Perc
  • Oxy 

Hydrocodone vs. Oxycodone

Both oxycodone and hydrocodone are narcotic analgesics prescribed to relieve moderate to severe pain. However, hydrocodone is not widely available outside of the US. It is also used as an effective cough suppressant. Additionally, oxycodone is more likely to be abused than hydrocodone is, thanks to its wide availability. 

How Addiction Develops

Oxycodone is known for its addictive qualities. Here are some of the ways that it develops. 

Prescription Use

Most oxycodone addiction begins through prescription use. It is one of the most widely available pain management drugs available. As such, many doctors will prescribe it to patients who complain of chronic moderate to severe pain in their lives. Patients who use oxycodone, and other opioids, will likely feel pleasure from the substance, leading to a higher potential for abuse in most cases. 

Dependence

After taking the prescription for some time, sometimes as short as weeks, the brain begins to change. This neurobiological change leads to the dependence on oxycodone to maintain regular function. The majority of dependence and addiction is attached to this neurobiological change, and it is where most patients struggle.5

Addiction

After becoming dependent upon the pain killers, addiction begins to set in. Oxycodone addiction can set in as little time as one week. For others, it may take longer to take effect, or shorter in certain cases. Regardless, the alteration of neurobiological processes results in addiction. It is believed that continued use of oxycodone over just a few days or weeks can lead to severe dependence that requires proper tapering. 

Signs and Symptoms of Oxycodone Addiction

There are many signs and symptoms related to oxycodone addiction. These symptoms can be physical, behavioral, or cognitive. 

Physical Symptoms

Physical symptoms of oxycodone addiction can include, but are not limited to, the following :

  • Slurred speech
  • Drowsiness or fatigue
  • Pupil constriction (pupils do not dilate)
  • Coordination issues, including motor function loss
  • Changes in appetite
  • Disrupted or inability to sleep  

Behavioral Symptoms

Some of the behavioral symptoms that can be caused by oxycodone addiction are as follows :

  • Extreme mood swings
  • Anxiety or anxious behavior
  • Violent tendencies and misplaced anger
  • Social withdrawal
  • Attempts to obtain oxycodone that is not prescribed to them (asking for leftovers)
  • A willingness to place oneself in danger with the use of oxycodone
  • Lying about activities or whereabouts after being prescribed oxycodone 

Cognitive Symptoms

The most noticeable cognitive symptoms associated with oxycodone addiction are below :

  • Inability to remember events or information
  • Impaired judgment or higher risk-taking
  • Inability to focus or concentrate for any period 

Oxycodone Side Effects

As with any substance, particularly a prescription narcotic, oxycodone comes with a plethora of side effects. These can be short-term, long-term, or specifically related to overdose and withdrawal. 

Short-Term Side Effects

The short-term side effects of oxycodone include : 

  • Drowsiness
  • Stomach pain
  • Dry mouth
  • Headache
  • Mood swings

Long-Term Side Effects

Oxycodone addiction can have the following long-term side effects : 

  • Respiratory issues, specifically related to breathing
  • Muscle weakness and fatigue
  • Blackouts
  • Chronic drowsiness

Overdose

If an individual is experiencing an oxycodone overdose, they can have heavy blackouts and stop breathing. Unexpected collapsing may occur, and skin may feel cold and clammy to the touch. If someone is experiencing symptoms of an oxycodone overdose, seek immediate medical attention. 

Withdrawals

If an individual is going through oxycodone withdrawals, they may experience a number of the symptoms listed above. In some cases, the following symptoms may be seen : 

  • Suicidal ideations
  • Diarrhea
  • Runny nose
  • Irregular heartbeat
  • Agitation and irritable behavior
  • High blood pressure
  • Sweating profusely

How Long Does Oxycodone Stay in Your System?

Oxycodone stays in the system at detectable levels for one to four days. If taking a urine test, it can be detected in as little as one to three hours. If taking a saliva test, oxycodone is present for at least forty-eight hours.  

Treatment Options

Oxycodone Guide - PacificBeachHealth

There are several treatment options for individuals suffering from oxycodone addiction. 

Detox

An oxycodone detox may take one to two weeks to take place, but the first symptoms can occur within four to eight hours after the last dose. Because the side effects of oxycodone withdrawals and detox are so extreme, many detox professionals and providers strongly recommend medical care during detox.  

Medication-Assisted Treatment

To help with the pain and suffering associated with oxycodone detox and withdrawals, various medications have been developed and approved for use. There are three substances approved at this time, and they are used as a replacement when tapering an individual off of oxycodone. It helps to ensure that opioid receptors remain partially activated during treatment. 

Inpatient Rehab

Inpatient rehab is a treatment program that assists individuals suffering from oxycodone addiction through medical attention and therapy. Behavioral and cognitive therapy is provided to help patients get through all of the associated barriers that come with oxycodone addiction. 

Resources

  1. https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a682132.html
  2. https://www.dea.gov/drug-information/drug-scheduling
  3. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9779696/
  4. https://www.dea.gov/factsheets/oxycodone
  5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2851054/

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